An extensive data set of air and dust samples collected in residential properties has been evaluated to determine whether any correlation exists between airborne concentrations of asbestos and asbestos concentrations measured in settled dust. Interior airborne concentrations were higher than outdoor concentrations, but there was no significant difference between levels detected in the presence of damaged ACM and those detected where no ACM was present. Airborne levels did not correlate with asbestos concentrations in the dust as measured by the indirect TEM methods. The presence of asbestos in the surface dust is shown to be independent of the presence of asbestos in bulk samples collected from the residences. The presence of airborne asbestos is independent of the presence of asbestos in surface dust. Thus, observing asbestos in a dust sample does not imply that asbestos will be found in an air sample nor does it imply that asbestos will be found at some predictable concentration.