Toward a Meaningful Interaction Between Ecology and Aquatic Toxicology

JM Neuhold

doi:10.1520/STP29012S

SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1986

STP29012S

Toward a Meaningful Interaction Between Ecology and Aquatic Toxicology

Source

Single species toxicity tests, microcosm toxicity tests, and ecosystem level field studies all have their advantages and limitations in determining the effect of a toxicant on an ecosystem. In spite of their limitations, laboratory toxicity studies are necessary for gaining autecological insights to how organisms respond. Microcosm tests are a first approximation to how an ecosystem might respond to the intrusion of a toxicant. Population, community, and ecosystem level field studies are necessary to interpret laboratory findings from single species and microcosm tests in light of the field realities.

Author Information

Neuhold, JM

Utah State University, Logan, UT

Shipping & Handling

Domestic Shipping

Domestic orders are delivered via United Parcel Service (UPS) or United States Postal Service (USPS). Transit times average 3 to 5 business days. Please be aware that UPS will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes.

Domestic Rush Orders

Please Contact Us.

International Standard Shipping

International orders are delivered via courier post services which can be either a postal service, courier service, or a combination of both. Standard Service is untraceable. Please allow 4-7 weeks for delivery.

International Expedited Shipping

Please Contact Us.

Please be aware that carriers will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes. Because of the variability of customs processes and procedures in different countries, ASTM International cannot guarantee transit times to international destinations. Customs duty and taxes are the responsibility of the consignee.

Shipping & Handling charges follow the rate schedule, below:

Order Total	Shipping & Handling Fee (US Domestic)
Up to $50.00	$18.72
$50.01 to $100.00	$20.80
$100.01 to $150.00	$29.52
$150.01 to $250.00	$39.09
$250.01 to $500.00	$56.25
$500.01 to $750.00	$76.42
$750.01 to $1000.00	$93.15
$1000.01 to $1500.00	$121.27
$1500.01 to $2500.00	$158.38
$2500.01 to $4999.00	$209.04
$5000.00 to higher	FREE

Order Total	Shipping & Handling Fee (International)
Up to $50.00	$68.72
$50.01 to $100.00	$70.80
$100.01 to $150.00	$79.52
$150.01 to $250.00	$89.09
$250.01 to $500.00	$106.25
$500.01 to $750.00	$126.42
$750.01 to $1000.00	$143.15
$1000.01 to $1500.00	$171.27
$1500.01 to $2500.00	$208.38
$2500.01 to $4999.00	$259.04
$5000.00 to higher	FREE

Shipping and Handling charges are approximate. Additional charges may be incurred if your order requires multiple shipments. This does not apply to complete sets and sections.

Reprints and Permissions

Reprints and copyright permissions can be requested through the
Copyright Clearance Center

Details

Developed by Committee: E47

Pages: 11–21

DOI: 10.1520/STP29012S

ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-4986-1

ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-0489-1

Toward a Meaningful Interaction Between Ecology and Aquatic Toxicology

Author Information

Related

Reprints and Permissions

Details