How Quantitative is Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis?—An Evaluation of the Significant Factors

CD Wagner

doi:10.1520/STP25598S

SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1978

STP25598S

How Quantitative is Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis?—An Evaluation of the Significant Factors

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The technique of dividing photoelectron line areas by elemental sensitivity factors or standard intensities can be applied to single-phase systems but not to multiple-phase systems. Elements other than transition metals can be determined with a standard deviation of 10 percent if photoelectrons of similar energy are used. Larger errors result from using lines of widely different energies because of variations in mean free path ratios among materials, and, more importantly, surface contamination. Transition metals pose special problems because of the prevalence of multielectron processes.

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Wagner, CD

, Menlo Park, Calif

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Details

Developed by Committee: E42

Pages: 31–46

DOI: 10.1520/STP25598S

ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-4715-7

ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-0543-0

How Quantitative is Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis?—An Evaluation of the Significant Factors

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