The Distribution of Airways Responsiveness in Populations

ST Weiss

doi:10.1520/STP22827S

SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1989

STP22827S

The Distribution of Airways Responsiveness in Populations

Source

The epidemiology of airways responsiveness is relevant to air pollution studies. Increased levels of airways responsiveness may identify individuals uniquely susceptible to air pollution. There are a variety of methodologic issues relevant to the use of airways responsiveness testing in populations including the appropriate measure of responsiveness to use and subjects excluded from testing. Increased responsiveness seems to be related to the extremes of age, cigarette smoking in older subjects, and level of pulmonary function. Airways responsiveness seems to be similar in males and females. To date, there are no larger population based studies relating airways responsiveness to ambient air pollution levels.

Author Information

Weiss, ST

Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA

Shipping & Handling

Domestic Shipping

Domestic orders are delivered via United Parcel Service (UPS) or United States Postal Service (USPS). Transit times average 3 to 5 business days. Please be aware that UPS will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes.

Domestic Rush Orders

Please Contact Us.

International Standard Shipping

International orders are delivered via courier post services which can be either a postal service, courier service, or a combination of both. Standard Service is untraceable. Please allow 4-7 weeks for delivery.

International Expedited Shipping

Please Contact Us.

Please be aware that carriers will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes. Because of the variability of customs processes and procedures in different countries, ASTM International cannot guarantee transit times to international destinations. Customs duty and taxes are the responsibility of the consignee.

Shipping & Handling charges follow the rate schedule, below:

Order Total	Shipping & Handling Fee (US Domestic)
Up to $50.00	$18.72
$50.01 to $100.00	$20.80
$100.01 to $150.00	$29.52
$150.01 to $250.00	$39.09
$250.01 to $500.00	$56.25
$500.01 to $750.00	$76.42
$750.01 to $1000.00	$93.15
$1000.01 to $1500.00	$121.27
$1500.01 to $2500.00	$158.38
$2500.01 to $4999.00	$209.04
$5000.00 to higher	FREE

Order Total	Shipping & Handling Fee (International)
Up to $50.00	$68.72
$50.01 to $100.00	$70.80
$100.01 to $150.00	$79.52
$150.01 to $250.00	$89.09
$250.01 to $500.00	$106.25
$500.01 to $750.00	$126.42
$750.01 to $1000.00	$143.15
$1000.01 to $1500.00	$171.27
$1500.01 to $2500.00	$208.38
$2500.01 to $4999.00	$259.04
$5000.00 to higher	FREE

Shipping and Handling charges are approximate. Additional charges may be incurred if your order requires multiple shipments. This does not apply to complete sets and sections.

Reprints and Permissions

Reprints and copyright permissions can be requested through the
Copyright Clearance Center

Details

Developed by Committee: D22

Pages: 68–74

DOI: 10.1520/STP22827S

ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-5085-0

ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-1262-9

The Distribution of Airways Responsiveness in Populations

Author Information

Related

Reprints and Permissions

Details