Differential Aeration Effect on Corrosion of Copper Concentric Neutral Wires in the Soil

PA Burda

doi:10.1520/STP19707S

SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1989

STP19707S

Differential Aeration Effect on Corrosion of Copper Concentric Neutral Wires in the Soil

Source

The objective of this research was to identify the dominant effect of differential aeration mechanisms on corrosion of copper concentric neutrals (CN). Laboratory data indicate that the corrosion of CN wires is accelerated by differential aeration/concentration effects when groundwater with mud and debris fills the conduit. The differential aeration was dependent on diffusion of air, nature of environment, anode to cathode area ratios, and pH.

Author Information

Burda, PA

Pacific Gas & Electric Co., San Ramon, CA

Shipping & Handling

Domestic Shipping

Domestic orders are delivered via United Parcel Service (UPS) or United States Postal Service (USPS). Transit times average 3 to 5 business days. Please be aware that UPS will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes.

Domestic Rush Orders

Please Contact Us.

International Standard Shipping

International orders are delivered via courier post services which can be either a postal service, courier service, or a combination of both. Standard Service is untraceable. Please allow 4-7 weeks for delivery.

International Expedited Shipping

Please Contact Us.

Please be aware that carriers will not deliver packages to Post Office Boxes. Because of the variability of customs processes and procedures in different countries, ASTM International cannot guarantee transit times to international destinations. Customs duty and taxes are the responsibility of the consignee.

Shipping & Handling charges follow the rate schedule, below:

Order Total	Shipping & Handling Fee (US Domestic)
Up to $50.00	$18.72
$50.01 to $100.00	$20.80
$100.01 to $150.00	$29.52
$150.01 to $250.00	$39.09
$250.01 to $500.00	$56.25
$500.01 to $750.00	$76.42
$750.01 to $1000.00	$93.15
$1000.01 to $1500.00	$121.27
$1500.01 to $2500.00	$158.38
$2500.01 to $4999.00	$209.04
$5000.00 to higher	FREE

Order Total	Shipping & Handling Fee (International)
Up to $50.00	$68.72
$50.01 to $100.00	$70.80
$100.01 to $150.00	$79.52
$150.01 to $250.00	$89.09
$250.01 to $500.00	$106.25
$500.01 to $750.00	$126.42
$750.01 to $1000.00	$143.15
$1000.01 to $1500.00	$171.27
$1500.01 to $2500.00	$208.38
$2500.01 to $4999.00	$259.04
$5000.00 to higher	FREE

Shipping and Handling charges are approximate. Additional charges may be incurred if your order requires multiple shipments. This does not apply to complete sets and sections.

Reprints and Permissions

Reprints and copyright permissions can be requested through the
Copyright Clearance Center

Details

Developed by Committee: G01

Pages: 18–36

DOI: 10.1520/STP19707S

ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-5076-8

ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-1189-9

Differential Aeration Effect on Corrosion of Copper Concentric Neutral Wires in the Soil

Author Information

Related

Reprints and Permissions

Details