The purpose of this study was to validate a test procedure developed to be flexible but sufficiently focused to determine the biodegradation potential of organic contaminants in a waste. The biotreatability test provides a low cost screening tool to evaluate bioremediation as a treatment option for contaminated soil. The test measures microbial activity by collecting oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide evolution data. Pollutant removal is assessed by destructive sampling of the soil. We report the use of this test on hydrocarbon-contaminated silty sandy soil from an Air Force Station in central Alaska. Soils were incubated at 4°C and at various oxygen levels which were expected to exist during in situ treatment conditions. The incubation period for the test was 90 days. Results indicated that the test conditions incubated at the reduced oxygen levels (2–14%) had the most vigorous oxygen uptake and efficient hydrocarbon removal.