A failure analysis was performed on a power plant’s boiler superheater tubes that had burst. The macromorphology, chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties were analyzed by experimental testing. Results showed that the superheater tube bursts can be classified as creep ductile cracks because the two tubes operated in overtemperature and low heat transfer efficiency conditions for a long time, and one of the tubes did not meet the material requirements. Finally, preventative measures were put forward.