MONOGRAPH Published: 08 December 2014
MONO62014000103

Chapter 3 | Xenograft Use in Orthopedic Surgery

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Xenotransplantation is defined as any procedure that involves the infusion or implantation into a human of nonhuman animal tissue. Current medical research is focusing on tissue substitutes for treatment of a wide variety of human diseases and complications. In orthopedic surgery, many xenograft products for the treatment of musculoskeletal ailments have been extensively tested, with several products being approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. These products include substitutes for hard and soft tissue repair. Most xenografts in orthopedic surgery are of porcine or bovine origin. Although risk of disease transmission remains a concern for xenotransplantation, studies show that disease transmission by xenograft is low. In this chapter, our goal is to discuss xenograft use in orthopedic surgery, explain the health risks involved in xenotransplantation, and explore current research in xenotransplantation.

Author Information

Pylawka, Tamara
Division of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, US
Gupta, Ashim
Division of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, US Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine
Eubanks, Taj
Division of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, US
Main, Benjamin, J.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine University of Illinois at Springfield, Springfield, IL, US
El-Amin, Saadiq F.
Division of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Department of Surgery, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, US Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Program, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, US
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Developed by Committee: F04
Pages: 41–48
DOI: 10.1520/MONO62014000103
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-7061-2
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-7060-5