Portland cement concrete pavements (PCCPs) are widely used for their durability, long service life, and ability to withstand heavy traffic. To ensure performance and reduce maintenance costs, regular evaluation of joint load transfer (LT) capacity is essential. Traditional destructive tests (DTs) provide direct LT data but are localized, time-consuming, costly, and damaging to the pavement. In contrast, nondestructive tests (NDTs) allow broader and non-invasive evaluation, though they require careful interpretation. NDT methods can be divided into discrete and continuous testing devices. Discrete devices, such as the Benkelman beam deflectometer and falling weight deflectometer, stop to apply forces and measure deflections at selected locations. Continuous devices, including the rolling dynamic deflectometer (RDD), rolling weight deflectometer (RWD), and traffic speed deflectometer (TSD), measure pavement deflections while moving at traffic speeds. These continuous systems offer significant advantages by enabling large-scale, traffic speed assessment; however, they generate vast datasets that pose challenges in processing, calibration, and test condition sensitivity. Recent advancements are improving the accuracy and efficiency of LT assessment. Modern high-speed deflectometers integrate advanced technologies such as Doppler velocity sensors for real-time monitoring, ground-penetrating radar for subsurface characterization, traffic-induced excitation as an alternative to impulse loading, and machine learning algorithms for automated data processing. Further, artificial intelligence combined with geographic information systems enhances pavement management systems, enabling smarter decision-making and cost-effective maintenance planning. Future developments in LT evaluation are expected to focus on refining RDD, RWD, and TSD technologies, improving calibration protocols, integrating multi-sensor data, and establishing standardized procedures. Special attention should also be given to applying these advanced methods to precast concrete pavements, where joint performance plays a critical role in service life. Overall, emerging NDT solutions offer great potential for more reliable, efficient, and sustainable pavement monitoring.