Standard Guide for X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy of Pigments and Extenders

1.1 This guide covers the general considerations for proper use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. Because many differences exist between XRF instruments, no detailed operating instructions are provided. The analyst should follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer for his instrument.

1.2 The analyst is encouraged to consult the chemical literature, various trade journals, pigment supplier publications, etc., as well as the instrument manuals from the manufacturer.

1.3 XRF is commonly employed to determine the elements present in inorganic pigments and extenders, often in concert with other analysis techniques. Organic pigments cannot normally be identified solely by XRF. On occasion, organic pigments contain heavier elements that can distinguish between major classes of these pigments or may serve to distinguish one of the two distinct pigments. However, the analyst should be wary of a qualitative pigment identification solely by XRF technique.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard information see Section 3 on Radiation Concerns.