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Last Updated: Dec 31, 2010
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ASTM D4993-89(2003)
Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of Silica (SiO2) Scaling for Reverse Osmosis
Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of Silica (SiO2) Scaling for Reverse Osmosis
D4993-89R03
ASTM|D4993-89R03|en-US
Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of Silica (SiO2) Scaling for Reverse Osmosis
Standard
D4993 Standard Practice for Calculation and Adjustment of Silica (SiO2) Scaling for Reverse Osmosis>
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BOS Vol. 11.02 Committee D19
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Significance and Use
In the design and operation of reverse osmosis installations, it is important to predict the SiO2 scaling properties of the concentrate stream. Because of the increase in the concentration of SiO2 and the change in pH, the scaling property of the concentrate stream will be quite different from that of the feed solution. This practice permits the calculation of the scaling potential for the concentrate stream from the feedwater analysis and the reverse osmosis operating parameters.
Scaling by SiO2 will adversely affect the reverse osmosis performance. This practice gives various procedures for the prevention of scaling.
The presence of certain metals, for example, Al+3, may significantly alter the solubility of SiO2 via formation of insoluble metal silicates. This practice does not address this phenomena.
Scope
1.1 This practice covers the calculation and adjustment of silica (SiO
1.2 This practice is applicable to both brackish waters and seawaters.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.