What should be done to improve our understanding and appreciation of the properties of concrete at early ages? This question was the basis for an Engineering Foundation Conference on the topic of “The Properties of Concrete at Early Ages.” To answer the above question, the conference participants developed the recommendations summarized in this technical note. The recommendations addressed the need to: gain a better understanding of cement paste microstructure; improve codes and standards; control temperature rise during construction; and educate the users of concrete.