This paper attempts to describe some of the benefits that can be gained from adopting a “purpose building” approach to the synthesis of polymeric materials as dispersants for cement. Our work with copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acids and their hydroxy alkyl esters has enabled us to investigate the importance and effects of variables such as molecular weight, comonomer ratios, and composition of the polymers on the deflocculation and hydration of cement. These investigations have enabled us to produce materials with significantly improved dispersant properties compared to currently available dispersants for cement and concrete. Our results also indicate that the inherent retardation characteristics of these polymers, on rate of cement hydration, can be overcome by addition of known accelerating additives.